An original reference is:
Morris, A. W., and Riley, J. P., 1966. The bromide/chlorinity and sulphate/chlorinity ratio in sea water. Deep-Sea Res. 13: 699-705.
A reference to sulfide in hydrothermal systems using in situ chemical sensing:
Johnson, K. S., C. L. Beehler, C. M. Sakamoto-Arnold and J. J. Childress. 1986. In situ measurements of chemical distributions in a deep-sea hydrothermal vent field. Science, 231, 1139-1141.
Residence time:
Berner, E. K. and R. A. Berner (1987) The Global Water Cycle. Prentice Hall.